Globally, greater gender equality is associated with longer LE for both women and men and a widening of the gender gap in LE. Each 10% increase in the mGGGI was associated with a 6-month narrower gender gap in high-income countries, and a 13- and 16-month wider gender gap in South and Southeast Asia and Oceania, and in Sub-Saharan Africa, respectively. However, the direction and magnitude of these associations varied between regions. In 2021, each 10% increase in the mGGGI was associated with a 4.3-month increase in women’s LE and a 3.5-month increase in men’s LE, and thus with an 8-month wider gender gap. Improvements in gender equality in education were associated with a longer LE for women and men and widening of the gender gap in LE. Globally, changes in the mGGGI and its economic and political subindexes were not associated with changes in the gender gap in LE or with LE for women and men between 20. Overall, the mGGGI increased from 58% in 2010 to 62% in 2021. Linear regression was used to investigate the association between the mGGGI and its economic, political, and education subindices and the gender gap in LE and women and men’s LE. Gender equality in 156 countries was estimated using a modified global gender gap index (mGGGI), based on the index developed by the World Economic Forum between 20. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether gender equality was associated with LE for women and men and the gender gap in LE across the globe. Life expectancy (LE) depends on the wider determinants of health, many of which have gendered effects worldwide.
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